Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi
Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi is one of the finest multispeciality institutes for issues concerning the heart and its valves. The multispecialty heart institute at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals in New Delhi has a reputation for providing patients with state-of-the-art treatment and effectively meeting all of the public's healthcare needs. The department at Apollo Hospital Delhi works with our cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons to prevent and cure heart disease, which has improved outcomes and quality of life for the thousands of heart patients who visit us annually. It has around 710 beds with top-notch facilities. Doctors are available 24*7 for any kind of emergency cases, along with e-consultation, and pharmacy. There is also a cafeteria and transportation that are available round the clock for patient convenience.
The enhanced facility of the Apollo Hospitals Group, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals in New Delhi, personifies the clinical excellence for which the Apollo Group is known. Our skilled cardiologists and post-operative nursing team are supported by Apollo's well-equipped Critical Care Units, and Intensive Care Units, which rank us among the top six heart institutes in the world.
Treatments
- Cardiology:Within medicine, cardiology is a specialty area devoted to the investigation and management of conditions involving the heart and blood vessels. This field emphasizes advanced therapeutic interventions and preventive measures, covering a wide range of disorders, from acquired diseases to congenital defects. The complex knowledge of the cardiovascular system, which includes the heart and the complex system of blood vessels that carry blood throughout the body, is the foundation of cardiology. Cardiologists and other medical professionals who specialize in this field go through rigorous training to fully understand the intricate pathology, physiology, and therapy options related to heart health. Heart disease, which includes illnesses like coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and congenital heart defects, continues to be one of the major causes of death globally.
Cardiologists utilize various diagnostic tools to evaluate these conditions, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), echocardiograms, stress tests, cardiac catheterization, and advanced imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans. These tools aid in accurate diagnosis and serve as a foundation for personalized treatment plans.
A key component of the profession is preventive cardiology, which focuses on determining risk factors and putting mitigation plans in place for them. The prevention of cardiovascular illnesses is greatly aided by lifestyle changes such as stress management, regular exercise, quitting smoking, and dietary adjustments. Furthermore, the risk of issues related to the heart is greatly decreased by closely monitoring and controlling illnesses such as diabetes, hypertension, and high cholesterol with medication.
Cardiology treatment modalities are varied and always changing. ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and anticoagulants are among the medications that are frequently used to treat a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Interventional therapies such as angioplasty, stent implantation, or cardiac ablation may be required in more severe situations to repair rhythm abnormalities or restore appropriate blood flow.
Surgical interventions also form a vital part of cardiology, ranging from coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) to valve repair or replacement surgeries. These procedures aim to alleviate symptoms, improve heart function, and enhance patients' quality of life.
Cardiology is a field that focuses on study and innovation advancement in addition to treating established ailments. Current research endeavors aim to enhance patient outcomes and long-term prognosis by investigating novel technologies such as implanted devices, stem cell therapies, and minimally invasive procedures.
A thorough study of the heart and blood arteries is included in the field of cardiology, which emphasizes the use of cutting-edge treatments in addition to preventative measures to manage a variety of cardiovascular problems. The dedication of cardiologists worldwide to promoting heart health and combating cardiovascular diseases is demonstrated by the ongoing advancement of diagnostic technologies, treatment techniques, and research projects in this discipline.
Types Of Cardiology Treatment In India
- Heart Bypass Surgery:Heart bypass surgery, also known as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), is a surgical procedure performed to improve blood flow to the heart. This procedure is often recommended to treat coronary artery disease, a condition where the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked due to plaque buildup, reducing blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart. During heart bypass surgery, a surgeon creates new pathways for blood to flow to the heart by grafting blood vessels taken from other parts of the body. The most common grafts are taken from the patient's arteries or veins, such as the internal mammary artery, radial artery, or saphenous vein.
The number of bypasses required varies depending on the severity and location of the blockages. Some patients may need a single bypass, while others might require multiple grafts.
After completing the grafts, the heart is restarted, and its function is monitored. Tubes may be inserted to drain excess fluids from the chest, and the incision is closed with sutures or staples.
Following surgery, patients are closely monitored in the intensive care unit (ICU) before transitioning to a regular hospital room. Recovery times vary, but patients typically stay in the hospital for several days to a week. During this time, they receive medications for pain management, to prevent infection, and to manage blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
Post-surgery, a cardiac rehabilitation program is often recommended. This program includes monitored exercise, education on heart-healthy lifestyle changes, dietary guidance, and emotional support to aid recovery and reduce the risk of future heart issues.
Heart bypass surgery is a highly effective procedure that can alleviate symptoms like chest pain (angina), improve blood flow to the heart, and enhance overall heart function. It can significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks and enhance the quality of life for individuals with severe coronary artery disease.
As with any surgery, heart bypass surgery carries risks, including bleeding, infection, stroke, or adverse reactions to anesthesia. However, advancements in surgical techniques and post-operative care have significantly improved outcomes, making it a relatively safe and commonly performed procedure to restore proper blood flow to the heart.
Heart Bypass Surgery Cost in India starts from USD 4000- USD 4500. But heart bypass surgery costs in India can also vary depending on the type of hospital.
Heart Surgery
- When previous treatments have failed or are not effective, heart surgery may be necessary to treat specific cardiac conditions. Any procedure that involves your heart or the blood arteries that supply it is referred to as cardiac surgery. It is sometimes referred to as heart surgery or cardiovascular surgery. Due to its complexity, heart surgery calls for the particular knowledge and skills of cardiac surgeons. It's a significant occasion that can revitalize you and enhance circulation and heart health. You can have congenital heart disease corrected via cardiac surgery. It can help fix problems that arise in later life. Your particular combination of difficulties or underlying issues will determine the kind of cardiac surgery you need.
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is one of the most common heart surgeries. In this procedure, surgeons create new pathways for blood flow by using blood vessels from elsewhere in the body to bypass blocked or narrowed coronary arteries. This restores adequate blood supply to the heart muscle, alleviating symptoms like chest pain (angina) and reducing the risk of heart attack.
Valve replacement or repair is another common treatment. Exhaustion, dyspnea, and chest pain are signs of improper blood flow caused by diseased or damaged heart valves. To increase blood flow and reduce symptoms, surgeons can either replace the malfunctioning valve with a mechanical or biological valve or repair it to bring it back to full function.
Recent years have seen a revolution in cardiac surgery due to the use of minimally invasive procedures. Compared to open heart surgery, these treatments have fewer incisions, specialized tools, and improved imaging, which shorten recovery times and minimize problems. Certain types of bypass surgery and valve replacement or repair are done with minimally invasive techniques.
Intensive care units (ICUs) watch patients closely after surgery to make sure they heal and stabilize. Healing and rehabilitation are aided by pain management, physical therapy, and customized care plans made for each patient. Rehabilitation treatments emphasize lifestyle modifications to support heart health and avert further issues, such as diet, exercise, and medication.
Even though cardiac surgery has come a long way, there are still hazards. It is possible for complications to arise, including bleeding, blood clots, infections, or arrhythmias, which calls for careful post-operative care and continuous monitoring. Heart surgery has an effect that goes well beyond the operating room. Many patients experience a new lease of life as a result of the symptoms that were previously limiting their everyday activities. Extended longevity and improved quality of life are frequently linked to improved cardiac function.
Heart surgery is always evolving due to advances in technology, surgical methods, and post-operative care. Medical experts work together to make operations safer, more effective, and accessible to a wider range of patients. This is achieved through continual research and collaborative efforts. Heart surgery provides individuals with cardiovascular problems with hope and healing by combining medical knowledge, cutting-edge technology, and caring care.
The average Heart Bypass Surgery Cost in India ranges from approximately USD 3,000 to USD 8,000.
Pacemaker Implantation
- A pacemaker is a small electronic device that is implanted to help control sluggish electrical heart problems. Usually, it is performed in the chest, directly beneath the collarbone. A pacemaker may be recommended to ensure that the heartbeat does not fall to a dangerously low rhythm.
The installation of pacemakers, which offer life-altering support to people with bradycardia (slow heart rate) or abnormal cardiac rhythms, is a testament to medical innovation. A pacemaker is surgically implanted to regulate the heart's electrical activity and ensure that it beats at a regular rhythm.
The decision to implant a pacemaker is typically made after thorough assessments, including electrocardiograms (ECGs) and Holter monitoring, which record the heart's electrical activity over time. Symptoms like dizziness, fainting, fatigue, or shortness of breath often prompt further investigation and may indicate the need for a pacemaker.
The actual procedure is often performed in a specialized cardiac catheterization lab or operating room. A local anesthetic is used to numb the area where the pacemaker will be inserted, which is often in the upper chest, just below the collarbone. In certain situations, sedation may also be used to guarantee the patient's comfort.
Before the treatment is finished, a small incision is made in the tissue of the chest to create room for the pacemaker generator. Subsequently, the heart is carefully punctured to allow the insertion of small, insulated wires called leads into specific chambers. Through the detection of electrical signals from the heart, these leads transmit data to the pacemaker.
Complications from pacemaker implantation are rare but can include infection at the implantation site, bleeding, or complications related to the leads or device malfunction. However, advances in technology and procedural techniques have significantly reduced these risks.
A patient's life is profoundly affected by a pacemaker. It improves quality of life substantially, relieves symptoms, and returns the heart to its regular beat. Patients often report feeling more energized, experiencing fewer episodes of dizziness or fainting, and being able to return to their usual activities. One excellent illustration of how cutting-edge medical research and cutting-edge technology can work together to help people with cardiac problems have happy, active lives is the implantation of pacemakers.
If the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body, it might lead to problems because of irregular heartbeats. The blood is pumped too slowly when the heart rate is too low.
If the heart rate is too fast or too irregular, the heart chambers are unable to fill up with enough blood to pump out with each beat. When the body does not receive enough blood, symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness, fainting, and/or chest pain may occur.
The minimum cost for a Pacemaker implantation in India starts from INR Rs.40,000. The average price of a Pacemaker implant in India is INR Rs. 50,000. The maximum amount to be paid for a Pacemaker implant in India is up to INR Rs. 55,000.
Heart Transplant
- A heart transplant is surgery to remove the diseased heart from a person and replace it with a healthy one from an organ donor. To remove the heart from the donor, two or more healthcare providers must declare the donor brain-dead.
A medical professional must determine that a heart transplant is the best course of action for treating your heart failure before they can put you on the waiting list. A medical team also verifies that you are in good enough overall health to undergo the transplant procedure. Ventricular assist devices are an additional alternative for certain individuals who are not candidates for heart transplantation (VAD). A mechanical pump called a VAD is inserted into your chest to assist in pumping blood to the rest of your body from the ventricles, the bottom chambers of your heart.
When all other options have been exhausted and the patient's heart condition seriously reduces their quality of life or jeopardizes their life, the decision to undergo a heart transplant is made.
Patients undergo extensive evaluations, including medical tests, imaging studies, and consultations with a multidisciplinary transplant team, to determine if they're suitable candidates for transplantation.
When alternative therapies for cardiac issues have failed and heart failure has resulted, heart transplants are carried out. Adults who have weakening of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy), coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, congenital heart defect—a heart condition—periodic dangerous abnormal heart rhythms (ventricular arrhythmias) that cannot be treated, and unsuccessful heart transplants are among the causes of heart failure.
Improvements in organ preservation, immunosuppressive medications, and transplant methodology keep improving results and broadening the pool of candidates for heart transplantation. The main goals of the research are to lower the rate of rejection, increase the length of graft survival, and investigate substitute therapies such as stem cell or artificial heart treatments.
For patients suffering from severe heart diseases, heart transplantation offers new hope and a second chance at life. It is the epitome of medical knowledge and human perseverance. It represents the remarkable convergence of medical knowledge, technology breakthroughs, and the selflessness of organ donors and their families.
Following a heart transplant, the patient must stay in the hospital for a long time—usually several weeks—during which time medical staff closely monitors the patient for any indications of potential difficulties, such as immunosuppressive medication problems, rejection, or infection.
Following discharge from the hospital, patients require lifelong follow-up care to monitor the transplanted heart's function, manage medications, and address any potential complications. Lifestyle changes, including dietary modifications, exercise, and strict adherence to the medication regimen, are essential for long-term success.
The minimum cost for a Heart Transplant in India starts from INR Rs. 6,65,000. The average price of a Heart Transplant in India is INR Rs. 10,00,000.
Heart valve replacement surgery
- Standard open-heart surgery can be used to perform heart valve surgery. To get to the heart, a surgical incision must be made in the midline of the chest. The treatment for heart valve disease is heart valve surgery. When any one of the four heart valves isn't functioning properly, heart valve disease develops. The proper direction of blood flow through the heart is maintained by heart valves. A surgeon performs heart valve surgery to replace or repair a sick or damaged heart valve or valves. Open heart surgery or minimally invasive heart surgery are two possible ways to accomplish this.
The type of heart valve surgery needed depends on age, overall health, and the type and severity of heart valve disease.
Complications from valve replacement surgery are rare but can include infection, bleeding, blood clots, or issues related to the prosthetic valve, such as valve dysfunction or leakage. However, advancements in surgical techniques and prosthetic materials have significantly reduced these risks.
The lives of patients are significantly impacted by valve replacement surgery. It frequently reduces symptoms, strengthens the heart, and improves life quality in general. Patients frequently report feeling more energized, having fewer symptoms, and being able to continue activities they were previously unable to.
Using a prosthetic valve constructed of resilient materials like titanium or carbon is known as mechanical valve replacement. These valves are strong and long-lasting, but because the synthetic materials tend to encourage clotting, lifelong anticoagulation medication is necessary to prevent blood clots. They frequently outlive biological valves, though.
Biological valve replacement utilizes valves made from animal tissue or donated human tissue. These valves do not necessitate lifelong anticoagulation therapy, but they may have a shorter lifespan compared to mechanical valves and might eventually require another replacement.
Although minimally invasive methods might be appropriate for certain patients, open cardiac surgery is usually required for valve replacement operations. To access the heart, the patient's chest is opened while they are under general anesthesia. The prosthetic valve is firmly positioned and sutured into place after the sick valve is gently removed.
Typically, minimally invasive surgery doesn't involve shattering any bones or making large cuts in any muscle.
The average cost of Heart Valve Replacement Surgery in India ranges from USD 6,200 to USD 8,200.
Closed Heart Surgery
- In most cases, closed-heart surgery eliminates the need to open the heart during the procedure and spares the patient from using a heart-lung bypass unit. When considering open-heart surgery vs this, problems may also be less likely. Closed-heart surgery, however, might be the initial step in treating a condition that calls for more procedures in specific circumstances.
Patients with mild cardiac abnormalities are treated with closed heart surgery. This method is applied to pediatric patients the majority of the time. The main blood arteries that supply blood to the heart and other areas of the body may be affected by most closed heart surgery techniques.
Some of the examples of procedures performed using the closed heart surgery approach include the placement of a Blalock-Taussig shunt or pulmonary artery bands and the repair of coarctation of the aorta.
Following closed heart surgery, the patient's general health and the quality of the procedure both play a role in how quickly they recover. Overall recovery is satisfactory since small cardiac abnormalities are corrected with closed heart surgery.
If the procedure is done as a corrective operation, the patient usually leaves the hospital after a day or two. If closed heart surgery is carried out as a palliative procedure, the patient might need to stay in the hospital until further scheduled surgeries are completed and recuperation could take some time.
Careful monitoring in the intensive care unit (ICU) is required in some cases. The patient is administered pain control medications through an IV line is required. Complete recovery in case of a closed heart surgery may last for a few days.
Compared to open heart surgery, closed heart surgery has several benefits. Less stress on the chest wall is caused by the smaller incisions, which shorten hospital stays, speed up rehabilitation, and lessen pain after surgery. Furthermore, there are frequently fewer side effects for patients, such as a lower chance of infection and blood loss. Closed-heart methods aren't appropriate for every cardiac surgery, either. A minimally invasive method may or may not be appropriate depending on several factors, including the complexity of the treatment, the patient's general health, and the surgeon's experience.
Technological and surgical expertise advances keep broadening the range of procedures that can be carried out with minimally invasive approaches. To increase the range of applications for closed heart surgery, ongoing research endeavors to hone these techniques, upgrade surgical instruments, and improve imaging technology.
The average cost of Closed Heart Surgery in India starts from USD 8000.
Open Heart Surgery
- Open-heart surgery is any type of surgery where the chest is opened up and the procedure is performed on the muscles, valves, or arteries of the heart. But the heart must be momentarily stopped to do surgery on the internal structures. To accomplish this, a patient is placed on a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, a temporary artificial heart and lung device that replaces the heart's functions by pumping blood into it. This enables the heart to be halted, draining its blood supply so that it can be opened to execute the surgery.
The procedure typically begins with the patient under general anesthesia, ensuring unconsciousness and pain control throughout the surgery. A sternotomy, a vertical incision through the breastbone, is made to access the heart. In some cases, surgeons may opt for a minimally invasive approach with smaller incisions between the ribs, depending on the specific procedure and patient factors.
To establish bypasses around blocked or narrowed coronary arteries, doctors perform coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). These bypasses are generally created from the patient's leg or chest wall. By restoring blood flow to the heart muscle, these bypass grafts lessen the chance of a heart attack and relieve symptoms.
Heart valve problems can be repaired or replaced by valve repair or replacement. Surgeons can replace the damaged valve with a mechanical or biological valve or repair the existing one by strengthening or reshaping it. Through this surgery, the heart's normal blood flow is restored, and symptoms brought on by malfunctioning valves are reduced. The patient is moved to an intensive care unit (ICU) for monitoring and recovery after the required repairs or procedures are finished, and the chest is sutured shut. The recovery period after open heart surgery typically involves several days in the hospital, followed by a gradual return to normal activities under medical supervision.
Potential hazards associated with open heart surgery include bleeding, infection, blood clots, irregular cardiac rhythms, and anesthesia-related problems. However, improvements in anesthesia, post-operative care, and surgical methods have drastically decreased the likelihood of severe side effects.
The gold standard for cardiac interventions is open heart surgery, which combines advanced technology, surgical skills, and all-encompassing patient care. It continues to be an essential therapeutic option, providing hope and a route to better cardiovascular health, for those with complicated cardiac diseases. The goal of ongoing research and innovation is to improve these processes even further, improving results and increasing access to cutting-edge cardiac care.
The average cost of heart surgery is between 1800 USD to 6000 USD in India.
Robotic Heart Surgery
- Robotic heart surgery represents a groundbreaking advancement in cardiac interventions, utilizing robotic systems to perform complex heart surgeries with unparalleled precision and minimally invasive techniques. This innovative approach combines the expertise of cardiac surgeons with the precision and dexterity of robotic technology to address various cardiac conditions.
The robotic arms used in robotic cardiac surgery are operated by the surgeon via a console. These robotic arms provide a magnified, three-dimensional image of the surgery site by holding specialized equipment and a high-definition camera. Through precise hand movements on the panel, the surgeon controls the devices that move the robotic arms inside the patient's body.
The minimally invasive nature of robotic cardiac surgery is one of its main benefits. Little incisions, frequently less than an inch long, are made in between the ribs as opposed to a massive cut across the chest. Compared to open heart surgery, this method lessens stress to the chest wall, minimizes blood loss, and expedites recovery.
Several cardiac treatments, such as mitral valve replacement or repair, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), atrial septal defect closure, and other complex surgeries, use robotic equipment. Surgeons can execute delicate procedures with more control and accuracy because to robotic technology's precise motions and improved visualization.
Robotic surgery has substantial applicability in mitral valve repair. The mitral valve, which sits between the left atrium and ventricle, can become regurgitated or prolapsed, which can cause blood to seep out or the valve to close improperly. Surgeons may access the valve with minimal incisions thanks to robotic technology, which improves precision for complex repairs or replacements.
Surgeons can use specialized equipment to create bypasses around restricted or obstructed coronary arteries during CABG using robotic help. These treatments can be carried out with smaller incisions, which helps patients recover more quickly by minimizing discomfort, scarring, and the possibility of postoperative problems.
A few benefits of robotic heart surgery are less patient trauma, less blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and a quicker return to regular activities. Comparing the lesser incisions to open-heart surgery, the cosmetic results are much better.
However, there are drawbacks to robotic heart surgery as well. For example, for surgeons to use the robotic system efficiently, they must receive specific training. A competent crew and careful planning are needed for the robotic platform's setup and operation.
At the vanguard of cardiac interventions, robotic heart surgery combines state-of-the-art technology and surgical proficiency to provide patients with superior outcomes and more advanced treatment alternatives. With the possibility for more accurate, minimally invasive operations and the encouragement of ongoing innovation in the field of cardiovascular care, it marks a paradigm change in cardiac surgery.
The average cost of Robotic Cardiac Surgery in India is around USD 4,200 TO USD 7,000.
